TEXT A. The education system is already very demanding and, outside of the curriculum, there isn't enough time in the day to teach everything that's needed. As a result, life skills from financial education to writing a CV often get missed. With some polls showing that two-thirds of people believe the education system fails to teach kids the right skills, here are some things to teach your kids so they don't miss out on essential knowledge. Budgeting. Kids need to learn how to budget as it's a core life skill that shows them how to manage their money effectively. This in turn can help them avoid debt and save for their future goals. It also teaches them about the importance of making wise financial decisions. By learning how to track their incoming and outgoing money, and set weekly limits on their expenses, they'll be able to make choices that are good for their financial future. The basics of personal finance. Personal finance is the process of managing your money to meet your financial goals. It includes budgeting, saving, investing, and managing debt. Managing money effectively demands a sophisticated set of skills ranging from basic mathematical skills to budgeting, an understanding of how interest works, or emotional regulation to avoid splurging. Cooking. Cooking is taught to some extent in years 7 to 9, but to give your child more extensive cooking skills, involve them in making everyday meals. As they get older, empower them to make their breakfast and lunch and cook alongside you for evening meals. DIY. DIY skills can teach kids important life skills, such as problem-solving, creativity, and patience. These skills can also help them save money by allowing them to fix things around the house themselves, rather than hiring someone else. They can start practicing with simple things, such as changing light bulbs, fixing a broken toy, or painting walls. Environmental awareness. While there are modules on environmental issues within Geography or Science at school, it's not always in-depth. According to UNESCO, there are three reasons to provide children with a strong ecological education: (i) to make them more aware and conscious of environmental problems; (ii) to boost their interest in caring for and improving the environment, and (iii) to enhance their ability to learn about their surroundings.
1. Read the text and decide whether statements 1.1 to 1.4 are true or false. Then, find a text fragment which confirms your answer in either case. Write 'TRUE' or 'FALSE' plus the fragment (one or two lines maximum) on your answer sheet. [4 items x 0.5 marks = 2 marks]
1.1. Learning budgeting can teach children how not to get into debt and how to save money.
1.2. Effective money management basically consists of learning a set of mathematical skills.
1.3. Adolescents should be encouraged to prepare their own breakfast and help cooking other meals.
1.4. Children need more in-depth knowledge on the environment than some school subjects may provide.

Text A (Life skills not taught at school).
2. Complete each sentence with information from the text but using your own words (about 10-15 words of your own per sentence). DO NOT COPY LITERALLY from the text nor from statements 1.1 to 1.4. Write the two sentences on your answer sheet. [2 items x 0.5 marks = 1 mark]
2.1. Life skills, such as problem-solving, creativity, and patience ____________.
2.2. Children should be ____________.

TEXT B. Our current food system is unsustainable. Raising and slaughtering around 70 billion farmed animals each year comes at a cost that is too high for animals, workers, and the planet to bear. With our population expected to reach nearly 10 billion people by 2.050, it's important that we ask ourselves: What does a more sustainable way of feeding the world look like? What will we eat and how will we grow our food? The future of food is happening right before our eyes. So, what is the future of food? 3D Printed. This may not sound real, but just as we have created objects using 3D printing, 3D-printed food is already in the works. It is made through a process called additive manufacturing, in which an edible paste is added layer by layer to create foods. Redefine Meat, a startup that produces 3D-printed steaks it believes are more sustainable than beef from cows, says that 3D printing is the key to 'animal-free meat with the appearance, texture, and flavor of whole muscle meat.' The company has raised $29 million in funding towards a commercial launch, and Insider has reported that 'it could revolutionize the meat industry.' 3D printing is also a focus of research at the NASA, as a possible way to produce food for long missions to space. Algae. Algae is preferred by many for its essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals and as a potential source of sustainable food that is currently underutilized. Algae can be cultivated without using land or a large amount of natural resources. The food outlet Food Dive reports that 'algae are literally everywhere. These single-celled organisms grow in freshwater, saltwater, and wastewater. Algae can grow and flourish in the sun through photosynthesis, but it can also grow in the dark. And it can be cultivated without using land or a large amount of natural resources.' Edible Food Packaging. By selling food in edible packaging, we could reduce both food waste and pollution, an urgent problem. A 2017 report stated that by 2050, the oceans will contain more plastic than fish. The nonprofit organization Food Tank reports that 'to combat the harmful environmental effects of plastic, many companies are seeking to replace excess plastic packaging with edible materials. Using innovative technology and plant-based materials like seaweed, organizations have developed numerous packaging alternatives safe for human consumption.' 1. Read the text and choose the best option (A, B, or C) for items 1.1 to 1.4. [4 items x 0.5 marks = 2 marks] 1.1. The extract 'The future of food is happening right before our eyes' suggests … A. it is very likely that we will soon have to change how we feed ourselves. B. there is plenty of time (until 2050) to find a more sustainable feeding system. C. we must stop feeding ourselves with farmed animals right now. 1.2. The company Redefine Meat … A. has already earned$29 million selling their 3D-printed steaks.
B. elaborates 3D-printed food for NASA's long missions to space.
C. produces 3D-printed meat that looks and tastes like meat but contains no animal meat.
1.3. The cultivation of algae …
A. must be done in the sun, as photosynthesis is a requirement for adequate growth.
B. is now exclusively done by the food outlet Food Dive.
C. can be considered highly environment-friendly, given the few natural resources involved.
1.4. Edible food packaging …
A. may be a problem as it cannot start to be produced until 2.050.
B. can contribute to solve the world's current food waste and pollution problems.
C. is now made of seaweed exclusively but will soon be made of other plant-based materials as well.

SECTION II: USE OF ENGLISH (3 marks)
3. Complete the text choosing the best option (A, B, or C) for each gap (1-15). [15 items x 0.1 marks = 1.5 marks]
Goofy: Dog or cow?
I can't tell you how many times people have asked: 'Is Goofy a dog or a cow?' I am not sure (1)___ people are questioning the character's species, but we can clear this up once and for all. Why (2)___ people think Goofy is a cow? Disney is very clear: Mickey is a mouse, Donald is a duck, and Pluto most certainly is a dog. And (3)___ Mickey and Donald have human-like qualities, Pluto does (4)___. Perhaps that is the reason for people to think Goofy (5)___ be a dog and that he must be a cow. I mean, (6)___ Disney create two dogs, giving only one human-like quality? The second cause (7)___ Goofy is a cow comes from his love interest. Throughout Disney movies and cartoons featuring (8)___ loveable character, we are (9)___ that Goofy's love interest is Clarabelle Cow. This probably leads people to (10)___ believe that Goofy is a cow. Why may people think Goofy is a dog? (11)___ you look into the history of Goofy, you will find that Disney originally created Dippy Dawg (12)___ 1.932. You can find him in Mickey's Revue, sitting (13)___ what appears to be an early version of Clarabelle Cow. (14)___ that same year, Dippy Dawg seems to transform into a younger version renamed Goofy in the cartoon Orphan's Benefit. The final word on whether Goofy is a cow or a dog. Bill Farmer, (15)___ has been the voice of Goofy since 1.987, clears up the misconception: 'Goofy … is just Goofy!'
Options:
1. a) how / b) because / c) why
2. a) do / b) -- / c) does
3. a) while / b) unless / c) however
4. a) too / b) not / c) so
5. a) wouldn't / b) shouldn't / c) can't
6. a) will / b) would / c) should
7. a) for believing / b) to believing / c) to have believed
8. a) her / b) a / c) the
9. a) showing / b) showed / c) shown
10. a) one more / b) once again / c) each time more
11. a) If / b) Since / c) Whether
12. a) on / b) back in / c) since
13. a) beside / b) next / c) near to
14. a) Later on / b) After in / c) Before of
15. a) which / b) whom / c) who

SECTION II: USE OF ENGLISH
4. Complete THREE of the following sentences so that each sentence keeps the meaning of the sentence printed before it and includes a clear change of linguistic structure. [3 items x 0.5 marks = 1.5 marks]
4.1. I did not get up early to review for the exam because I knew the material very well.
If I _____ to review for the exam.
4.2. Chef Ramsey: 'I worked as a pot washer in an Indian restaurant where my sister was a waitress.'
Chef Ramsey said that _____ was a waitress.
4.3. I don't know of any food that is as unhealthy as fast food.
Fast food is _____ ever known.
4.4. If only people in this country were less unfriendly!
I _____ friendlier.
4.5. I warn you: I hope to find your room clean and tidy when I'm back.
You _____ to find your room clean and tidy when I'm back.
SECTION III: WRITING (4 marks)
5. Choose ONE of the four options below (a, b, c, or d) and write the corresponding text (150-175 words). [1 item x 4 marks = 4 marks]
a) Argumentative: 'The minimum age to drive a car in Spain should be lowered to 16 years old.' Discuss.
b) Descriptive: Heroes and heroines (your hero/heroine).
c) Opinion: 'In small doses, boredom can be beneficial for children.' Do you agree?
d) Email writing: Reply to your Canadian email pal who has no plans for the summer; invite him/her with a detailed plan.